Friday, December 27, 2019

Family From My Family With Trust, Support, Unconditional...

When I think of the word family many thoughts and feelings circulate through my mind. I associate family with trust, support, unconditional love, and the list goes on. However, if I were to describe family from my experience, I would have to define it as the people who accept you no matter whom you are despite the flaws and mistakes one has made throughout their lifetime. Therefore, having a family that cares and supports one in whatever it may be is a true blessing that one should not take for granted. As I was working on my genogram and gathering information from both my mom’s parents and dad’s parents, I quickly realized that I did not know much of my dad’s side of the family. Therefore, it was pretty evident in my genogram that I did†¦show more content†¦Since my mother’s parents struggled financially my mother was forced to help them. She would take care of kids to help her parents pay the rent. She started taking care of kids when she was on ly ten years of age. As soon as she turned twelve, she started working with her mother cleaning banks. My mother recalls having to clean all twelve floors of the bank. After hearing my mother’s stories and all the things she went through, it made me realize how privileged and fortunate I am to have grown up the way I did. At times, one takes things for granted and fails to realize that there are people who are not as fortunate as one. I was in awe after hearing my grandfather share his story of when he came to the United States from Mexico. At the age of eighteen, my grandfather served in the Mexican military for about two years. Then at the age of twenty he came to the United States due to the Bracero program, he remembers Sacramento being the first destination when he arrived in the United States. His job was to pick tomatoes; he did that for about 4 months and then went to Indio, California to pick Dates. He did that for about 18 months, however, he then returned to Mexico because his workers contract had run out. After going back to Mexico and working in the fields again, he then decided to make another trip to the United States on a worker’s contract. So he came to Indio, California again to pick Dates, he did that forShow MoreRelatedUlysses S. Grant and His Contribution to America Essay example1590 Words   |  7 Pagesfurther resistance†¦ [I] regard it as my duty to shift from myself the responsibility for further [loss] of blood, by asking you surrender [of] the Army of Northern Virginia.† is what General Ulysses S. Grant as the highest ranking officer of the Union Army, wrote to the opposing the highest ranking officer of the opposing Confederate army, General Robert E. Lee on April 7, 1865. (Alter, 2002) In 1861, the Southern states of the United States of America had seceded from the Union, forming the ConfederateRead MoreAbc Certificate Counselling Skills Unit 2 Counselling Theory2903 Words   |  12 Pagespossibilities o f the individual being self directing† Tony Merry suggests that Person Centred Counselling has continued to evolve, the first phase from 1940 through to the early 1950’s he calls the â€Å"non-directive† phase, the second phase, he calls the â€Å"Client Centred† phase from 1950 through till the early 1960’s and lastly the â€Å"person Centred† phase from the1960’s till present, though he also believes that we are now entering a fourth phase the â€Å"client Centred† phase. Since the 1950s when MaslowRead MoreEssay about Psychological Profile of Elvis Presley3493 Words   |  14 PagesTechnical University Partially Resubmitted From Phases 1, 2, 3, 4 IPs Abstract This paper covers a brief biographical and psychological profile that explores the subject’s childhood, work, personal life, lifetime accomplishments, and philosophy. In addition, I will discuss his inner perspectives using the Cognitive Perspective to describe the two aspects of Mr. Presley’s behavior. I will also discuss his MBTI ® Type along with examples to explain my interpretation. His Psychosocial developmentalRead MoreThe Sandwich Generation1865 Words   |  8 Pagesstated that one (1) in seven (7) Americans (47%) that are 40-60 years of age are part of this Sandwich Generation. That is not including the over seven million people that are helping their family members out from long distances. Who are these Sandwich generation caretakers? Here are some of the criteria from Pew Research, 2013: †¢ 36% are married and 13% are unmarried †¢ 71% are 40-59 years of age †¢ 19% are younger than 40 years of age †¢ 10 % are over 60 years old †¢ Race: o 31% (3:10) are HispanicRead MoreIntimate Encounters By The Life Struggles With Marriage And Family2121 Words   |  9 Pages2012 Sharnik Hansbrough All rights reserved. ISBN: ISBN-13: DEDICATION This book is inspired by the life struggles with marriage and family, and ultimately finding my spiritual self with our Heavenly Father. Thank you to my husband, my children, my mother and siblings, and all other family members and friends. Thank you all for your support over the years. I love you! ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thank you Heavenly Father for your unmerited favor and inspired word. CONTENTS (P) Praising God DailyRead MoreGoodwill Hunting Analysis2709 Words   |  11 PagesWill Hunting was a twenty-year-old, Caucasian boy in a struggling economic state, without the support of a family. He was living in a run down apartment in a low economical neighborhood in the south of Boston, Massachusetts. Will was very much admired by people around him. Although he might have been seen as cocky, Will was also a very smart, good-looking boy. He was a math genius but was better known for hanging around bars and getting into neighborhood fights. It was until he was discoveredRead MoreSpeech On My Grandparents House Essay2162 Words   |  9 Pagesvisit to my grandparents house meant two things: an endless amount of spoiling and a lesson to be learned. At their house, I had access to a drawer filled with all of my favorite candy, I turned the tree in their front yard into a secret hut that we saw as a mystical castle, and I always had my wants catered to. My grandparents never let me be bored because even a hint dullness would result in a list of activities to do. Every visit ended with a lesson that would have been learned from the expressionRead MoreMaslow s Impact On Social Influences On The Chosen Individual3083 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction- In this report I’m going to describe four needs of the chosen individual and explain why they are required to be addressed. I’m then going to go on to describe features from two psychological theories and use them to explain aspects of the development and behaviour of the chosen individual. Next I’m going to describe three sociological concepts and use them to explain the impact of social influences on the chosen individual. Then I’m going to describe features of the positive care environmentRead MoreProblems of Upbringing4514 Words   |  19 Pagestime to do everything. No matter how old your baby is, newborn or toddler, it is never too late to put your baby first and enjoy being a mum or dad. Many parents think that they alone know what is best for the children and therefore expect too much from them. They force their children into tuition classes even though they can cope with their studies. At the same time they are asked to take up ballet dancing (in the case of girls), taekwando (in the case of boys), music lessons, computer classes andRead MoreEssay The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down3417 Words   |  14 PagesCross-Cultural Family Assessment Stephanie Boardman University of Southern Maine 1. The client system, in this case the Lee family, defines Lia’s seizures as both a spiritual and physical ailment. According to Fadiman (1997), â€Å"†¦the noise of the door had been so profoundly frightening that her soul had fled her body and become lost. They recognized the resulting symptoms as qaug dab peg, which means ‘the spirit catches you and you fall down’†(p.20). To the Lee family, Lia’s condition

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Multiple Sclerosis A Degenerative Disease Of The Central...

Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system. In multiple sclerosis, the immune system of the body attacks the myelin sheath. Myelin is a fatty substance rich in proteins that surrounds, insulates, and protects the nerve as well as helps to speed up nerve transmissions. Neurons are the basic working part of the brain that transmit messages to other nerves in the body. Every neuron in the central nervous system has a cell body and an axon. An axon is the extension of the cell body that carries messages and it is here that myelin plays its role. Myelin is wrapped around the axon for protection and allows for electrical impulses to be transmitted quickly and efficiently. When the body attacks its own tissues and causes a breakdown in the myelin layer, the nerve impulses that are travelling to and from the brain are altered. Impulses are slowed down, distorted from their original manner, or sometimes interrupted entirely. Over time, multip le sclerosis can cause deterioration of the nerve itself. Multiple sclerosis, often referred to as MS, is called â€Å"multiple† for the many areas of the brain that are affected and â€Å"sclerosis† for the scarring of tissue and lesions that form on the brain and spinal cord. The symptoms of MS can vary significantly from one person to another depending on what area of the central nervous system the lesions are present. Some of the most common symptoms are blurring vision, loss of vision, fatigue,Show MoreRelatedMultiple Sclerosis And The Central Nervous System1605 Words   |  7 PagesMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative and potentially debilitating disorder that affects the spinal cord and brain, collectively known as the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis evolves gradually throughout time and is considered to be auto-immune, which means the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues that are supposed to be within the body. According to Medscape, symptoms consist of, but are not limited to, sexual problems, ataxia (the inability to control certainRead MoreEvaluation Of A Case Study1353 Words   |  6 Pagesthis is a factor to why the client is experiences this neurological deficits. Client doctor prescribed her Predniso ne which has a positive affect helping to confirm the client diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Researchers have concluded that Multiple Sclerosis occurs whereby the patient’s own immune system attacks the protein that is found in the myelin sheath and this result in the demyelination of the myelin sheath. So when there is lost of myelin in one’s body, blocking of the action potentialRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Multiple Sclerosis895 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans with Multiple Sclerosis today† (Segal). Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that attacks the central nervous system and blocks the flow of information that goes throughout the body. There are various symptoms that lead up to Multiple Sclerosis, for example: muscle loss, sensory and vision loss weakness and more. Gender can also play a role in the diagnosis process of this disease; females have a greater risk to get the disease. Scientists have still not found a cure or a cause of Multiple SclerosisRe ad More A Look at Myelin and Myelin-Related Disorders Essay1062 Words   |  5 PagesA Look at Myelin and Myelin-Related Disorders Myelin is the protective sheath around axons in the nervous system, and is often referred to as white matter. It acts as an insulator to the electrical signal that is conducted down the axon as a neuron fires, and can well be compared to the insulation around an electrical wire. The myelin sheath contains a variety of fatty substances (lipids), and contains at least ten distinct chemicals (2). . From what is known, axons are not fully myelinatedRead MoreThe Mechanics Of Multiple Sclerosis Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesreal expressions of Multiple Sclerosis. These neurological symptoms were first identified in the early 14th and 15th centuries. The immune system attacks the myelin of the brain spinal cord causing a cessation or misinterpretation of communication with the rest of the body. Due to this destruction or damage to the myelin, scar tissue forms and there central nervous system cannot communicate with the body effectively. This is the mechanics of Multiple Sclerosis , a disease that affects manyRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Multiple Sclerosis1215 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple sclerosis, or MS, is a chronic, autoimmune, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Its etiology is unknown, but a combination of environmental and genetic factors is likely responsible for its development. MS occurs when one’s immune system attacks the fatty protein myelin, which insulates and protects the axons of oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord. Damage to this sheath can cause the miscommunication between these oligodendrocytes and the rest of the bodyRead MoreMultiple Sclerosis Affects More People Than Most Would Think1098 Words   |  5 PagesAwareness and Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis affects more people than most would think. MS is an unpredictable disease that attacks the central nervous system but it is a difficult disease to diagnose due to multiple unknown factors. Each diagnosed case of MS is unique depending upon factors given by the patient. Understanding the different courses of Multiple Sclerosis, early diagnosis and the treatments of the disease all play an important role in bringing awareness of MS. Learning aboutRead MoreScoliosis Is The Curvature Of The Spine, Forming An S Or A C Shape1118 Words   |  5 Pagesmyself. Multiple Sclerosis is a â€Å"chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system, in which the myelin that sheathes the nerves is somehow eaten away and scar tissue forms in its place, interrupting the nerves’ signals† (Mairs 261). If not treated properly, both conditions are degenerative. Both conditions do not have a cure, but they do have treatments that are not fully guaranteed to be the ul timate fix. One may wonder how a person with Scoliosis can relate to another with Multiple SclerosisRead MoreHematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Essay975 Words   |  4 Pagescell anaemia and Multiple Sclerosis (Alvarez Silva, 2017). However, complications such as graft-versus-host diseases (GVHD) and relapse of primary malignancy are substantial and are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is only offered to patients in extreme cases where prolonged treatment with chemotherapy is not beneficial, or resistance to the drug is developed. Extensive studies on the effects the innate immune system and its cell-mediatedRead MoreNervous Systems And The Nervous System1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe nervous system is the most crucial and key part of our body. The nervous system is responsible for managing our thinking process, emotions, and body functions. The nervous system has two important parts; the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The nervous system is consisted of many different and connected parts such as nerves and neurons that transmit all different kinds of signals between different parts of our bodies. Essentially, I think of it as the body’s electrical

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Critically examine the proposition that small alli Essay Example For Students

Critically examine the proposition that small alli Essay es have ?exploited? large allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. Comment on the proposition that prospective gains for producer groups prove more important than assessment of gains to nation stCritically examine the proposition that small allies have exploited large allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. Comment on the proposition that prospective gains for producer groups prove more important than assessment of gains to nation states when explaining international collaboration?The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) expanded by three new members in 1999 and thus now has nineteen members. Although most people view this to be a benefit for the future of NATO as it should enhance their strength and credibility there are those who view that it will lead to further exploitation in defence budget sharing and an allocative efficiency. It is thought that due to issues such as Globalisation the world is becoming more interlinked with organisations such as NATO and the UN comprising of more and more members. It is feared that this expansion will lead to problems with free riders taking advantage of the ever-increasing availability of the public goods offered by organisations such as NATO. There is also a case that producer groups within member countries benefit more than the actual nation states as the benefits to them are much more assured and accessible. Politicians are an example of a group, which can benefit greatly from international collaboration, as it is a tool, which can help them, gain re-election. The first real concerns over the economics of alliances were raised in Mancur Olson and Richard Zeckhauser their writings in 1966. This raises the point that in international institutions such as NATO the smaller allies are relying on the larger allies to pay the vast amount of the defence budget and thus free riding, this became known as the exploitation hypothesis. Sandler and Hartley point out a clear example of this exploitation, as in 1970 the USA contributed 75% on NATOs defence spending with the next closest allies which included the UK, France and Germany only contributing 6%. The exploitation becomes evident when you discover that the USA only received 35% of NATOs defence benefits. Olson and Zeckhauser felt that the NATO members would never be able to gain allocative efficiency under the system they were using for defence contributions. Olson and Zeckhauser developed a test for the exploitation hypothesis this was done by dividing military expenditure by GDP and then adjusting by the ability to pay. Then those states paying a disproportionate amount of their GDP were viewed to have a heavy defence burden on them. On the other hand though it is important to note though that the capabilities of countries such as the USA to spend on defence are much greater than many other countries and thus this may mean that they have a social responsibility to contribute more than others to the NATO defence budget. It could also be the case that if these countries are helped now then they will have the ability to pay more in the future and help to reduce the defence burden on the larger allies. The table above shows clear exploitation of the USA by many of the smaller allies as their benefit shares are more than their burdens. (Tables from Sandler and Hartley 1999)The table above shows even more examples which back up Olson and Zeckhausers allocation hypothesis, Canada being a clear and constant figure in this case where consistently every year their average benefit share is much greater than their defence burden e.g. in 1970 their burden was 1.98% whilst their benefit share was 25.32%. .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .postImageUrl , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:hover , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:visited , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:active { border:0!important; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:active , .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3 .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f3fabc6f15465218b4ea19dd6f168b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: For the Fire Poem Analysis Fom the Authors Perspective EssayThere are also efficiency problems, which arise when taking into account factors such as the indirect benefits of NATOs actions (especially over the 1990s). This is to do with issues such as their efforts towards peacekeeping in areas such as Eastern Europe e.g. Bosnia. These actions have helped to increase the security in the area and help it develop as a whole both economically and politically. Thee efficiency problem comes into effect when you take into account the fact that the majority of the NATO members will benefit from these actions which were mostly funded by the USA. International collaboration on the other hand can often benefit producer groups much more than it will benefit the member states. This would mean that groups such as politicians would be able to use their nations membership of international organisations to aid them in issues such as re-election. There is evidence further of this when in the 1980s Margaret Thatchers Conservative government opted to support lowering the UKs fuel emissions, which had a severely negative effect on the UK coal industry. This benefited her though rather than damaging, as the coal miners were not her voters. This therefore was a great benefit to Thatcher as she gained votes from environmentalists who may previously not have voted for her but on the other hand this may not have been of a major advantage to the UK as a whole as it created mass unemployment. There was also an example in 1991 where John Major supported an international initiative to support lower airfares. This benefited the Conservative party with public support but had a negative effect for British Airways. On the other hand though when looking at the international aviation market it has become clear that the national states were not the most important factor when the markets were set up post world war 2. The US were pushed into accepting an international cartel to run the aviation markets which was a very inefficient method as it did not allow much room for competition. The airline did not really benefit much until the 1970s when allocative efficiency came in. International institutions can also often benefit governments and producer goods as they give governments the opportunity to gain property rights in international markets and thus advance the amount of wealth available for domestic redistribution. A good example of this would be in the post war aviation markets with the Bermuda regime. This is because without international institutions to negotiate the fares, and landing rights etc. the costs would have been extremely high to the airlines and would have stunted the market develop ment. This would have lead to air travel being much more expensive and thus being much further away from allocative efficiency. The international institutions therefore increased allocative efficiency through establishing property rights in the international markets, which in turn lead to the redistribution of wealth. International collaboration through institutions such as the EU and the WTO will also be a huge advantage to producer groups as it will increase their markets for sales and also enable them to import or get goods produced cheaper than in the UK for example. This is therefore likely to have both positive and negative effects on a country such as the UK though as it will increase GDP but unemployment may rise due to manufacturing jobs being reduced. These benefits to producer groups have become extremely evident since the recent EU expansion and going further back the end of the Cold War. In conclusion with regard to the factor that the smaller allies exploit the larger allies in NATO. These are a clear lack of allocative efficiency, as the smaller allies appear to be free riding off the back of the larger allies especially the USA. In many cases some of the smaller countries are not even covering their defence burdens. Therefore in the case of the worlds developed countries this is a clear case of exploitation and taking advantage of a public good provided by the larger allies. In other countries such as Bosnia who have not been in a position to pay into NATO but have used their public goods they would not be deemed to be exploiting any of the member states. With regard to the factor that producer groups gain more from international collaboration than the nation states, it is also a debatable subject. There has been clear evidence of international collaboration being used for political or corporate gains, but it is also clear that international collaboration can help to increase the wealth and security of a country as well. The gains by the Conservative party in the eighties and nineties through international institutions are a clear example of hoe they can also be used to benefit politicians. In this case signing up to specific international treaties helped them win extra votes without losing any as the treaties did not affect to lives of their core voters directly. A clear example were producer groups are taken as a primary concern would be the USAs reluctance to sign the Kyoto treaty. This is mainly due to the fact that it is likely to cost industry in their country too much money. .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .postImageUrl , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:hover , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:visited , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:active { border:0!important; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:active , .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7 .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uddb41573a51b8115a06972a4b28373d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jimmy - Racism EssayBibliographySandler and MurdochOn Sharing NATO defence burdens in the 1990s and Beyond, Fiscal Studies, vol. 21, no.3, 2000 pg. 297-327Olson and ZeckhauserAn Economic Theory of Alliances, Review of Economics and Statistics, 1966 (vol 48, no 3, pg 266-79)Richards J ETowards a positive theory of international institutions: regulating international aviation markets, International Organisation, vol 53, 1999, pg 1-37Sandler and HartleyThe Political Economy of NATO, Cambridge University Press, 1999, Chapter 2

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Rousseau Analysis free essay sample

The Social Contract In ancient times all men lived in a state of nature until hardships and the necessity to form a civil society between one another became eminent. Jean Jacques Rousseau’s â€Å"The Social Contract,† analyses the steps and reasoning behind this transition. In Rousseau’s work he focuses on several key terms in order to define this transition clearly, they include: state of nature, social contract, civil society, general will, and the sovereign. It would be impossible to define the latter terms without first analyzing Rousseau’s definition of state of nature. This has to do with the fact that none of the terms have relevance without the existence of the state of nature. According to Rousseau, the state of nature is when there is no outside force influencing an individual’s decisions. It is here that a person can truly be called an individual. A good example of this definition is when a caveman lives alone and does what he pleases, when he pleases. We will write a custom essay sample on Rousseau Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He is in no way tied down to any social restrictions. A civil society is the contrasting state of being where two or more individuals unite for the betterment of themselves and the group. This is done so by implementing rules, laws and regulations, and social restrictions. Because of this, a justice system is implemented to regulate the accepted norms of the society. To build upon the cavemen reference, a civil society is when the aforementioned cavemen have developed to the point where they rely on each other through a basis of civil norms and laws As Rousseau describes it, â€Å"‘Each of us puts his person and all his power in common under the supreme direction of the general will, and, in our corporate capacity, we receive each member as an indivisible part of the whole. † To establish movement between the state of civil society and the state of nature, individuals must form an understanding between each other. This understanding can be based on an array of different arrangements that can be considered a social contract which involve the gain and loss of ones own primal desire. To refer back to the cavemen example, a civil society is when two cavemen f orm an agreement to assist each other in previously unsociable activities, such as a verbal agreement to fight off a common threat or an economic agreement of trade, but in turn, losing a part of their individuality by leaving the state of nature. These social contracts between individuals are the foundations of our modern societies which include the general will and the sovereign. Though the civil society and social contract do exist in today’s society, Rousseau’s state of nature could never be in existence. In reality, it is impossible to have ever been in a state of nature. This is supported by Rousseau’s idea that at birth, one is born into a society called â€Å"family. † This society is eventually dissolved but children eventually build a social contract with individuals as they grow up and mature. Furthermore, this supports the fact that social contracts and civil societies do exist, even when the state of nature never did. Each day, this is immanent when one forms social bounds with the people around them. Rousseau’s ideas developed from his time period and his life. He was writing this essay during the French Revolution which is in itself a perfect example of the destruction of a social contract between a society and its king and turning into a social contract of the general will of the population to form a new society. Though our time period may be different then those of Rousseau’s, his message will still have a lasting impression on today’s society. Rousseau’s lasting message in, â€Å"The Social Contract,† is not to wane away from social contracts, but rather to analyze what you lose as an individual with each contract you sign. Rousseau firmly states this when he says: â€Å"Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave then they. †

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Are People Using Too Much Electronics Professor Ramos Blog

Are People Using Too Much Electronics â€Å"Your Cell Phone Will Ruin Your Vacation† James Butte 11/7/18 English 010 Ramos Are People Using Too Much Electronics? I am convinced that kids and teenagers are using too much electronics. While we should all be outside doing something like I remember we would all do in my childhood, most of my friends stay at home and rather play online with each other. Even if I have nothing to do I’ll stay and hangout like I think we’ll do something cool, they get on their headset and it is if I aren’t even there. That’s when I go home and figure something else out. Even when people are on vacation and doing something fun like parasailing, people have a very hard time just setting the phone down for a couple seconds to listen to instructions so in case of an emergency they know how to help save themselves. Some people never get off their phone the entire trip, they’ll take selfies the majority of the ride and stuff like that. Some people even skip out on the best part of the ride ( dipping their feet in the water ) just because they don’t want their Phones, cameras, Earpieces etc. To get wet. â€Å"According to a 2016 Pew Research survey, 77 percent of Americans own a smartphone, and other recent stats have found that users are on their phones an average of more than five hours per day- almost double the rate in 2013.† (http://mentalfloss.com). â€Å"The gap between Internet users and nonusers is associated with income and age, but no longer with gender and race† (https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-5961(03)00068-5). As people used to differentiate with age and race, people are starting to differentiate more with more of what type of content their into on the internet. According to Hotels.com 81% say their smartphone is their number one travel accessory. And on average, travelers spend three hours a day looking at their mobile devices. (FOXBusiness.com).  Vacation is meant to get away from all of our stress, yet people still have a constant addiction to their phones when they probably don’t have internet service. Albers says that â€Å"by relying on our phones daily, it’s hard to disconnect for even a short period of time. Our electronic devices have arguably become extensions of ourselves, and therefore we end up living our lives through them, almost like being at a sporting event and watching a game on the jumbo screen instead†. I am also guilty of always using my phone like when I’m bored, or texting someone. I often find myself staying up till 1 in the morning because I get sucked into different apps like youtube, instagram, snapchat, and it can be hard for me to just turn the phone off and go to bed, I would defin itely say that my phone affects my quality of sleep, and I can feel my eyes trying to adjust to the dark which doesn’t seem all that healthy. Instead of posting pics to show off or not feel left out by seeing what your friends are doing, we should be more connected to our surroundings and live in the moment. I have some friends that will put almost everything they do on Facebook whether it’s going to the bathroom, eating lunch, or their views on something nobody cares about. According to Today.com â€Å"32 percent say they feel unimportant when their parents get distracted by their phones.† (Lowin). Some people have adopted the rule of no phones at the dinner table to get each other interacted and talking to each other to find out what’s going on in each other’s lives. As said by Telegraph.com â€Å"Google Maps is in danger of doing what satnav did for motorists turning them into zombies who blindly follow instructions while taking in nothing from their surroundings.† when we actually get to know our surroundings we have a better understanding of where we are, where to go, and what’s around us. We get to keep our brains exercised, if we rely on our phones forever, when we don’t have our phones we build the feeling of anxiety and we won’t know how to figure out our problems on our own. Those behind the wheel may not be the only ones at risk of a cell phone-related auto accident. So suggests a study published in January in the journal Pediatrics that shows that children are more distracted while crossing the street if they happen to be talking on a cell phone.(ABC News) People that are walking while using a phone are at 43% more risk of being hit by a car crossing the street. Excessive cell phone use can be a risk factor for mental health issues in young adults. With the constant notifications, vibrations, â€Å"In a study conducted at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, researchers examined if there is a direct link between the psychosocial aspects of cell phone use and mental health symptoms in young adults.† (MedicalDaily.com) People should worry less about their phones and live more in the moment, and be more connected with their friends and family. Sciencedirect Ronald E Rice, James E Katz. Volume 27, Issues 8–9, September–October 2003, Pages 597-623 â€Å"Comparing internet and mobile phone usage: digital divides of usage, adoption, and dropouts† Foxbusiness By Marissa Piazzola. Published July 08, 2016. Lifestyle and Budget. FOX Business. â€Å"Your Cell Phone Will Ruin Your Vacation† Today.com Aug. 6, 2015 / 11:38 AM PDT / Source: TODAY By Rebekah Lowin â€Å"How cell phones are affecting families and what to do about it† Telegraph.com Natalie Paris, travel writer 28 APRIL 2017 4:05PM â€Å"The science behind why you shouldnt take your phone on holiday† Butte 5 ABC News By DAN CHILDS ABC NEWS MEDICAL UNIT March 9, 2009 â€Å"7 Surprising Ways Cell Phones Affect Your Health† MedicalDaily.com Jul 12, 2013 01:15 PM By Lizette Borreli 5 Reasons Why Cellphones Are Bad For Your Health

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare

Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Malvolio and the CountessIn the kingdom of Illyria, a nobleman named Orsino lies around listening to music, pining away for the love of Lady Olivia. He cannot have her because she is in mourning for her dead brother and refuses to entertain any proposals of marriage. Meanwhile, off the coast, a storm has caused a terrible shipwreck. A young, aristocratic-born woman named Viola is swept onto the Illyrian shore. Finding herself alone in a strange land, she assumes that her twin brother, Sebastian, has been drowned in the wreck, and tries to figure out what sort of work she can do. A friendly sea captain tells her about Orsino's courtship of Olivia, and Viola says that she wishes she could go to work in Olivia's home. But since Lady Olivia refuses to talk with any strangers, Viola decides that she cannot look for work with her. Instead, she decides to disguise herself as a man, taking on the name of Cesario, and goes to work in the household of Duke Orsino.Viola (disguised as Cesario) q uickly becomes a favorite of Orsino, who makes Cesario his page. Viola finds herself falling in love with Orsinoa difficult love to pursue, as Orsino believes her to be a man. But when Orsino sends Cesario to deliver Orsino's love messages to the disdainful Olivia, Olivia herself falls for the beautiful young Cesario, believing her to be a man. The love triangle is complete: Viola loves Orsino, Orsino loves Olivia, and Olivia loves Cesarioand everyone is miserable.Meanwhile, we meet the other members of Olivia's household: her rowdy drunkard of an uncle, Sir Toby; his foolish friend, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, who is trying in his hopeless way to court Olivia; Olivia's witty and pretty waiting-gentlewoman, Maria; Feste, the clever clown of the house; and Malvolio, the dour, prudish steward of Olivia's household. When Sir Toby and the others take offense at Malvolio's constant efforts to spoil their fun, Maria engineers a practical joke to make Malvolio think that Olivia is in love with h im. She forges a letter, supposedly from Olivia, addressed to her beloved (whose name is signified by the letters M.O.A.I.), telling him that if he wants to earn her favor, he should dress in yellow stockings and crossed garters, act haughtily, smile constantly, and refuse to explain himself to anyone. Malvolio finds the letter, assumes that it is addressed to him, and, filled with dreams of marrying Olivia and becoming noble himself, happily follows its commands. He behaves so strangely that Olivia comes to think that he is mad.Meanwhile, Sebastian, who is still alive after all but believes his sister Viola to be dead, arrives in Illyria along with his friend and protector, Antonio. Antonio has cared for Sebastian since the shipwreck and is passionately (and perhaps sexually) attached to the young manso much so that he follows him to Orsino's domain, in spite of the fact that he and Orsino are old enemies.Sir Andrew, observing Olivia's attraction to Cesario (still Viola in disguise ), challenges Cesario to a duel. Sir Toby, who sees the prospective duel as entertaining fun, eggs Sir Andrew on. However, when Sebastianwho looks just like the disguised Violaappears on the scene, Sir Andrew and Sir Toby end up coming to blows with Sebastian, thinking that he is Cesario. Olivia enters amid the confusion. Encountering Sebastian and thinking that he is Cesario, she asks him to marry her. He is baffled, since he has never seen her before. He sees, however, that she is wealthy and beautiful, and he is therefore more than willing to go along with her. Meanwhile, Antonio has been arrested by Orsino's officers and now begs Cesario for help, mistaking him for Sebastian. Viola denies knowing Antonio, and Antonio is dragged off, crying out that Sebastian has betrayed him. Suddenly, Viola has newfound hope that her brother may be alive.Malvolio's supposed madness has allowed the gleeful Maria, Toby, and the rest to lock Malvolio into a small, dark room for his treatment, and they torment him at will. Feste dresses up as "Sir Topas," a priest, and pretends to examine Malvolio, declaring him definitely insane in spite of his protests. However, Sir Toby begins to think better of the joke, and they allow Malvolio to send a letter to Olivia, in which he asks to be released.Eventually, Viola (still disguised as Cesario) and Orsino make their way to Olivia's house, where Olivia welcomes Cesario as her new husband, thinking him to be Sebastian, whom she has just married. Orsino is furious, but then Sebastian himself appears on the scene, and all is revealed. The siblings are joyfully reunited, and Orsino realizes that he loves Viola, now that he knows she is a woman, and asks her to marry him. We discover that Sir Toby and Maria have also been married privately. Finally, someone remembers Malvolio and lets him out of the dark room. The trick is revealed in full, and the embittered Malvolio storms off, leaving the happy couples to their celebration.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

King Leopold's Ghost by Adam Hochschilds Term Paper

King Leopold's Ghost by Adam Hochschilds - Term Paper Example One prominent thing about this book was refusal by nine publishing houses in United States to publish this book. Most of the colonialists invaded Africa with the motive of getting industrial resources and enriching themselves. However, they gave false pretexts for the scramble saying they were after benefiting their colonial subjects. Some of these pretexts included spreading the gospel, educating their subjects and delivering benefactions to their colonial subject. Different colonial powers worsened the living conditions and lives of their subjects. Most of the atrocities and crimes done by King Leopold’s and his army as the author describes. While most of these colonialists exploited their subjects, King Leopold representing the Belgian imperialism over-exploited the people of Congo, made them slaves and even tortured them. This is something truly different as compared to the French imperialism in Senegal. Useful Discussions from King Leopold’s Ghost   During the ti me of European imperialism, there are so many things that took place, with many nations trying to build empires in different parts of the world, including Africa and Asia (Hochschild 21). The term ‘civilized people’ was used by a Swedish missionary, C.N. Borrisson, who described their different intentions for the scrambling for African resources. According to the known facts, the colonialists lied about their reasons for invading some of these nations. The facts are that the colonialists wanted raw materials for their industries. There was also need to get cheap labor for their industries. These colonialists took this opportunity to develop their economy so as to increase their kingdoms. One thing about this book is that it offers a lot of information about these developments in Congo by the Belgians. There were many things that transpired in the name of colonialism. There was an increase in support for the colonialists by other nations such as the United States and Can ada. The main explanations given by the colonialists or the ‘civilized people’ for the exploitation and colonial imperialism included the need to spread Christianity also extend their benefactions abroad (Hochschild 26). Many humanitarians view this as a stratagem that does not make any sense at all. The increased settlement by the colonialists in these countries justifies the materialism and desire for wealth. King Leopold’s Ghost is a story providing a focuses on the vivid accounts of what took place in Africa. Adam Hochschild’s book therefore, deals with the continued looting which took place in Congo. It is worth noting that people went through traumatizing events apart from been tortured by the colonialists. This helps us understand the main reasons why the ‘civilized people’ invaded these nations. This neglect by the colonialists to care about the colonists was a crucial issue for consideration when examining the roles played by these â €˜civilized people’ in Africa. The other noteworthy thing to consider is the colonialists’ callous disregard for the lives and the dignity of others based on the color of their skin, nationality, religion, or ethnic backgrounds. During these days, the colonialists prejudiced the Africans without giving them any opportunity to express themselves (Hochschild 62). The ‘civilized people’ continued disregarding the dignity and lives of others based on their skin color, religion, nationality and ethnic background. The whites treated Africans indifferently on their